Most of you should be aware of the concepts of optimistic and pessimistic locking as it relates to the concept of how to handle concurrent access to the same database records (if not then that will be a future Ask-Reuben). When it comes to validating the data entered by an INPUT dialog, there are two coding patterns that can be used to validate the data that I like also to describe as being pessimistic and optimistic.
Both patterns have their strengths and weaknesses.
Read more at
https://4js.com/ask-reuben/ig-210/